Taxes 2009: Get it together now
WASHINGTON – Dec. 11, 2009 – For millions of Americans, “consultant” or “freelancer” is a euphemism for “unemployed.” But whether you’re self-employed by choice or circumstances, there’s a lot you can do between now and year’s end to reduce your 2009 tax bill. One of the advantages of self-employment is that you have more control over your tax destiny than folks who have their taxes withheld from their paychecks. Some examples of tax-saving steps you can take before the end of the year: Purchase needed materials. When you’re self-employed, everything you buy for your business, from manila envelopes to a new computer, is deductible. By making those purchases now, you can deduct the expense on your 2009 tax return instead of waiting until next year, says Mary Canning, dean of the school of taxation and accounting at Golden Gate University in San Francisco. “If you’re thinking your laptop isn’t functioning very well or you need a new scanner, this might be the time to do that kind of purchase,” Canning says. A purchase made with a credit card counts as a 2009 expense, even if you don’t pay the bill until 2010, Canning says. Make sure you keep receipts and other records for these purchases, says Justin Ransome, partner in Grant Thornton’s National Tax Office. If you’re audited, the IRS will ask you to prove that these were legitimate business expenses, he says. Delay income. If you’re employed, your company probably won’t agree to hold on to your last paycheck until Jan. 1 (although this sometimes works if you’re due a bonus or commission). But if you’re working for yourself, your clients may be happy to wait until next year to pay you for recent services. Use health insurance tax breaks. Most workers who are covered by their employer’s health insurance can’t deduct their portion of the premium. Out-of-pocket expenses aren’t deductible unless they exceed 7.5 percent of adjusted gross income. For the self-employed, though, 100 percent of health insurance premiums are deductible, says Mark Luscombe, tax analyst for tax publisher CCH. You can also deduct the cost of providing health insurance for your spouse and your dependents. However, the deduction can’t exceed the net income of your business. If you purchased an individual insurance policy, you may be eligible to contribute to a health savings account. Contributions to a health savings account can be used to pay for deductibles and other costs that aren’t reimbursed by your insurance plan. Unlike the flexible spending accounts offered by many employers, money remaining in HSAs at year’s end can be rolled over to future years. Self-employed workers can deduct contributions to an HSA, and withdrawals are tax-free as long as the money is used for qualified health care expenses, says Eddie Gershman, a partner with Deloitte Tax. To qualify for an HSA, you must have a high-deductible insurance policy, which the government defines as one with a minimum deductible of $1,150 for an individual or $2,300 for a family. The maximum you can contribute is $3,000 for an individual or $5,950 for family coverage. Save for retirement. For the newly self-employed, saving for retirement may seem like an unaffordable luxury. But squirreling away even a small amount can reduce your 2009 tax bill. There are several retirement-savings plans available to the self-employed, but the SEP-IRA is the easiest to set up, Gershman says. Contributions are deductible, and you can contribute up to 25 percent of your earned income, up to a maximum of $49,000 in 2009. You have until the due date of your 2009 tax return to set up and fund a SEP-IRA, so you can wait until April 15, or even longer if you file for an extension. But the sooner you start saving, the sooner you’ll start earning money. Start planning now. Finally, this is a good time to review your records and start planning for 2010, says Gale Northrop, a financial consultant for Schwab. If taxes aren’t withheld from your paychecks, you’re supposed to pay estimated taxes every quarter. Tax tips for everybody else While taxpayers who work for an employer have fewer options, there are year-end steps they can also take: Give to charity. Donations are deductible as long as the charity or non-profit is qualified to receive deduction contributions (IRS Publication 78 includes a list of qualified organizations, but doesn’t include many religious groups that are also eligible.) Timing is important if you want to claim the deduction on your 2009 tax return. Contributions made by check are considered delivered on the day they’re mailed, according to Grant Thornton. Contributions paid with a credit card are deductible in the year the charge occurs, even if you don’t pay the bill until next year. In general, pledges – no matter how heartfelt – aren’t deductible until you make the payment. Buy a car. OK, you probably shouldn’t buy a car just to get a tax break. But if you’re in the market for a new vehicle anyway, buying one before year’s end could lower your taxes. You can deduct sales and excise taxes on new vehicle purchases of up to $49,500. You can claim this deduction even if you don’t itemize. Harvest investment losses. Last year’s market meltdown and the economic downturn incinerated a lot of companies. If some of the securities in your portfolio are smoldering, you may be eager to ditch them and claim a loss for worthless securities. But if the stock continues to trade – even if it trades only infrequently in informal markets such as the Pink Sheets – it’s not considered worthless. In addition, the IRS requires you to claim the loss in the year the security becomes worthless, which is often difficult to figure out until well after the fact. There are, however, other ways to claim a loss on securities that you believe are beyond redemption, says James Van Grevenhof, tax analyst for Thomson Reuters. One is to sell the security to an unrelated third party, which could include your broker, a cousin or a friend (you can’t sell it to a parent, child or sibling). You can claim the difference between the amount you paid and the proceeds from the sale as a loss on your tax return. If no one is willing to buy your securities, you can abandon the stock, Van Grevenhof says. You must permanently relinquish all rights to the security, he says. You can accomplish this by contacting your broker or the company that issues the security. Capital losses can be used to offset capital gains from the sale of securities. If you had no capital gains this year, you can deduct up to $3,000 of your losses against ordinary income. Losses that exceed that amount can be carried over to future years. Copyright © 2009 USA TodayLori Cain, Realtor
Chinowth & Cohen Realtors
phone: 918.852.5036
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